Adolescence (12-18 years)

Taking a risk and resilience approach, this study examined (1) whether child age moderates the association between exposure to parent–child physical aggression (PCPA) and initial levels and growth in internalizing and externalizing problems, and (2) whether neighborhood social cohesion is a prote

Parental aggressiveness towards a child, even in a mild form, can lead to higher levels of internalizing and externalizing problems. Parent-child physical aggression characterized as physical acts which can range from slapping, spanking, beating, burning, and scalding.

Importance Child maltreatment is a risk factor for poor health throughout the life course. Existing estimates of the proportion of the US population maltreated during childhood are based on retrospective self-reports.

Child maltreatment is prominent in the United States making it a public health issue; maltreatment during childhood results in higher risk of physical and mental health problems. Previously data on the prevalence of maltreatment was based on retrospective self-reports.

The development of child and adolescent self-concept was examined as a function of the self-concept domain, social/developmental/educational transitions, and gender.

Elementary through high school students participated in 12 waves of data collection over six years to assess the development of self-concept in social, developmental, and educational transitions.

Objective: The impact of the Global War on Terror on two million U.S. military children remains unknown.

Army parents with deployed spouses reported on the psychosocial functioning of their elementary school aged children using standardized psychosocial health and stress measures.