Secondary Traumatization Among Former Prisoners of Wars' Adult Children: The Mediating Role of Parental Bonding

An examination of secondary traumatization symptoms and parental bonding among adult children of former prisoners of war (ex-POWs' children) that were compared to adult children of comparable Veterans (controls' children). In addition, the mediating role of parental bonding and exposure to stress in the association between group and secondary traumatization symptoms was analyzed. Overall, forty years after the war ended, the experience of living with ex-POWs is associated with ex-POWs' children psychological outcome.